We have had many occasions to mention the variety of online resources available for reading and browsing biblical texts here on Nerdlets.org. There is a lot of data online, and the continuing digitilazation of texts means the wealth of data is growing every day.

Rabbula Gospels, Eusebian Canons
Image via Wikipedia

Here’s the problem: every website or resource database or web-app has a different way of representing that data and the information that describes it, and not all of them provide ways for external sites and apps to interact with that data. The bottom line here is that it is currently impossible, or at least very difficult, to seamlessly “mashup” information from various sources.

For example, say you want to compare the text of John 8 in a couple of ancient Greek manuscripts, all of which are available online, but from different institutions. Currently you would have to go to each site independently, use the disparate methods to extract the data you need, and then mash-them-up yourself using a Word Processor or other tool. Cumbersome, no?

The Open Scripture project has the ambitious goal of solving this dilemma. From their web site:

Open Scriptures seeks to be a comprehensive open-source Web repository for integrated scriptural data and a general application framework for building internationalized social applications of scripture. An abundance of scriptural resources are now available online—manuscripts, translations, and annotations are all being made available by students and scholars alike at an ever-increasing rate. These diverse scriptural resources, however, are isolated from each other and fragmented across the Internet. Thus mashing up the available data into new scriptural applications is not currently possible for the community at large because the resources’ interrelationships are not systematically documented. Open Scriptures aims to establish a scriptural database for interlinked textual resources such as merged manuscripts, the differences among them, and the links between their semantic units and the semantic units of their translations. With such a foundation in place, derived scriptural data like cross-references may be stored in a translation-neutral and internationalized manner so as to be accessible to the community no matter what language they speak or version they prefer.

It’s still in its infancy, but they have released their first application, the Manuscript Comparator:

This tool allows two or more Biblical (currently New Testament) manuscripts or manuscript editions to be easily compared in side-by-side and unified views (no original unedited MSS are yet incorporated). It demonstrates a fundamental concept in the Open Scriptures framework: semantic linking. All of the contributing manuscripts are merged together to produce a single unified manuscript containing every attested variant; additionally, while merging, a manuscript’s words are linked to their corresponding words in the unified manuscript.

A full review of this tool is coming to Nerdlets.org soon.

The Open Scripture project is open-source, licensed under the excellent GPL 3.0. The source code is available on Google Code.

The people behind Open Scriptures will be presenting at the BibleTech 2009 conference.

HT: Biblical Studies and Tech Tools

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NTGateway.com, an excellent repository of resources and articles about the NT, has recently been upgraded to make it more searchable, maintanable, and easier to navigate. Check it out.

You can read about the background for this upgrade here. From that post:

We’ve moved all of the content over to WordPress, slightly reworked the organization, added site navigation in the sidebar, and given it a fresh new look. Mark Goodacre will continue on as the editor and will continue to update the site.

Mark has moved the old NT Gateway blog to a new location and will continue to blog there. He has a new RSS feed, so you’ll need to subscribe to it to get all of the new content syndicated. The NT Gateway blog is restarting from scratch. It, too, has an RSS feed that you can subscribe to.

New features at an already great site

New features at an already great site

I’ve mention Bible.Logos.com before. It’s a pretty handy and fluid online Bible. Today it gets an upgrade:

As you navigate through the Bible, we dynamically pull relevant content—both sermons and illustrations—from our Sermons site and display the top three hits with a link to all of the other contributions that deal with the passage of Scripture you’re in.

The coolest part is that no matter where you are in the Bible, the list is automatically updated so there are always related sermons and illustrations just a click away.

This is definitely worth checking out. Logos has put together one of the better web-based Bibles out there. In addition to a variety of English translations they have recently added a number of additional Greek texts, including novum testamentum graece (in Unicode). The site is intuitive and the searching features are robust enough to find what you need. Give it a try.

If you need better Greek searching and features, try Zhubert.

My Google Reader is full of wonderful subscriptions to wonderful web sites. Little did I know that I can subscribe to daily Bible Readings courtesy of ESV. There are a number of different options available on this page. There are a wealth of different options, including a Study Bible option, Daily Reading option, and a Chronological option.You can have your reading program sent to you by RSS (Google Reader or other RSS reader), Emai, or even through your Mobile phone.

The best part: you don’t have to read it at all. There is a “Listen” link on each item. This is a real nice feature, one which I have already praised in my Guide to Using Ubiquity to listen to the Bible online.

HT: Justin Taylor

Ever wanted to see what Jerusalem looked like in Biblical times? Biblical Studies and Technology Tools tells you how in this post.

biblemapYou can find another site with high quality maps at BibleMap.org. This site will map out places based upon selections of Scripture, which is very handy indeed. The functionality for this and the aforementioned site is provided by Google Earth, so image quality is good and you have multiple overlap options.

Once your done examining Jerusalem, take a tour of ancient Rome.

I’m not an über-PC kinda guy, but in papers I try to use non-biased terms like “c.e.” and “Hebrew Scriptures” and gender neutral language where possible. But what about the word “Biblical”? Should it be capitalized? This question has always given me a bit of trouble, since you see it both ways in journals. Well, here is the answer.

For those who found this post interesting, there are a whole host of additional Ubiquity commands available to you. If you have already set up Ubiquity (follow this link if you haven’t), then you may be interested in Mozilla’s (incomplete) repository of commands that other people have been creating for this exciting new interface. Be warned: many of these are still a little buggy, so don’t go crazy, but some are still worth a try.

Update: There is also a Ubiquity command for Cli.gs, which is not listed in repository. Get that here.

If you’re still unsure whether to install Ubiquity, check out this video (but be careful—it may blow your mind):

Ubiquity for Firefox from Aza Raskin on Vimeo.

Use Ubiquity to Read the Bible

Use Ubiquity to Read the Bible

It is now even easier to search, read, and even listen to the Bible online.

A much improved upgrade to Ubiquity has been released, making this ground-breaking Firefox plugin prettier, more robust, and exceedingly versatile. More to the point, the ESV command for this plugin has also been updated, and the update allows you to listen to the Bible as you browse. You can watch the video at the end of this post for a full demonstration and how-to instructions.

If you are already familiar with Ubiquity, then download the latest version and install the ESV command. If not, read on for a short introduction.

What is Ubiguity?

Ubiquity is a plugin for the Firefox browser. You can read the full introduction, complete with an excellent video demonstration, here. In a nutshell: it gives your browser a basic understanding of language. You can use Ubiquity to type in simple commands in order to make Firefox do things that it would normally require several clicks and minutes to do.

Check the weather with Ubiquity

Check the weather with Ubiquity

Take checking the weather as an example. The old way: (1) open up a new tab, (2) type in the URL of the weather site, (3) type in your zip code, (4) scroll past adds and other useless information. The Ubiquity way: (1) Type in “Weather”, (2) Wait while ubiquity does everything for you (it uses your IP address to automatically determine your location, check the weather site, and output todays weather in the same window).

Ubiquity Commands

Ubiquity includes a number of built in commands, such as “wikipedia” to search the site with that title, “calculate” to crunch numbers, “add-to-calendar” to add an event to your Google calendar, or “twitter” to change your twitter status. You can see all available ubiquity commands by using the command “command-list.”

The true awesomeness of Ubiquity, however, lies in the fact that any web page or service can generate a set of commands that allow you to interact with its services. You can add these commands to Ubiquity by “subscribing” to the page in question. You can find a large list of commands here, but be warned that these should all be considered beta-at-best.

How to Set Up Ubiquity and the ESV Plugin

The good folks in charge of the ESV Bible have provided a ubiquity command that allows readers to search, read, and even listen to the ESV Bible. I have written a small screen cast that shows you how to set this up and also demonstrates some of Ubiquity’s best features.

You will need to go to the following sites in order to set things up.

  1. Download the latest version of Ubiquity here.
  2. Subscribe to the ESV site here.

Below is a brief screencast demonstrating how to get Ubiquity set up, how to install the ESV plugin, and how to use both to do a number of interesting things while you browse the Internet.

Update:

Don’t miss the official video from ubiquity! It’s truly amazing:


Ubiquity for Firefox from Aza Raskin on Vimeo.

At a dog-friendly beach in Holland

Some ideas are easily represented in any language, but more often than not translation requires sensitivity to a wide variety of often competing influences.

I just listened to a nice little story on NPR about the “Art of Translation.”

Bea Basso, who came from Italy to the United States in 2000 to study and work in theater, has done a lot of translating from Italian to English. She says that the choice of a single word can determine the arc of an entire work.

“There is no such thing as a literal translation, by nature of choosing one word or another, you influence the next step,” she says.

Listen to the whole story.

Because no two languages are alike, and since the cultural differences surrounding a language are often more than meets the eye, translation is more an art than a science. Translation always involves something lost and also something gained–some of the original is gone, but there is also often additional meaning in the translation that was not there in the text being translated. For proof, type in some text here. The results can be comic.

This is true of all translation, but with Greek (or Hebrew, or any other “dead” language) the matter is complicated by the fact that the original culture is no longer there for us to study. Translation suddenly intersects with historical research, sociology, theology, and a wealth of other disciplines, which is one reason it is so important for pastors to learn Greek.

John Piper reminds us fiction junkies that it’s OK to read stories, even children’s stories. Quoting C. S. Lewis:

I was therefore writing “for children” only in the sense that I excluded what I thought they would not like or understand; not in the sense of writing what I intended to be below adult attention. I may of course have been deceived, but the principle at least saves one from being patronizing. I never wrote down to anyone; and whether the opinion condemns or acquits my own work, it certainly is my opinion that a book worth reading only in childhood is not worth reading even then.

And here is one from Douglas Wilson:

In C. S. Lewis’s The Voyage of the Dawn Treader, we are given a good example of a boy who has been brought up poorly. Eustace Scrubb had stumbled into a dragon’s lair, but he did not know what kind of place it was. “Most of us know what we should expect to find in a dragon’s lair, but, as I said before, Eustace had read only the wrong books. They had a lot to say about exports and imports and governments and drains, but they were weak on dragons.”

It is a standing rebuke for us that there are many Christians who have an open sympathy for the ‘true’ books which Eustace read–full of true facts about governments and drains and exports–and who are suspicious of great works of imagination, like the Narnia stories, or The Lord of the Rings, or Treasure Island, because they are ‘fictional,’ and therefore suspected of lying. The Bible requires us to be truthful above all things, they tell us, and so we should not tell our sons about dragon-fighting. Our sons need to be strong on drains and weak on dragons. The irony here is that the Bible, the source of all truth, says a lot about dragons and giants, and very little about drains and exports….

The Bible cannot be read rightly without creating a deep impulse to tell stories which carry the scriptural truth about the kind of war we are in down through the ages.

Wilson, Douglas. Future Men, 2001, 101.

Of course we must have balanced diets (though note that fiction has been excluded in the list below):

This is really dangerous, and the way to counteract it is to prescribe balanced reading for yourself. What I mean is this. Read theology, as I say, but always balance it, not only with Church history but with biographies and the more devotional type of reading. Let me explain why this is so important. Your are preparing yourself, remember, and the danger for the intellectual type of man, if he is only reading theology or philosophy, is to become puffed up. He persuades himself that he has a perfect system; there is no problem, there is no difficulty.

Lloyd-Jones, D. Martyn. Preaching & Preachers. Zondervan, 1972.  p. 178

And finally, on a more technical level, and with application to Biblical Hermeneutics, Paul Ricoeur:

It is in the age when our language has become more precise, more univocal, more technical, in a word, more suited to those integral formalizations which are called precisely symbolic logic, it is in this very age of discourse that we want to recharge our language, that we want to start again from the fullness of language. That also is a gift of our ‘modernity,’ for we moderns are the heirs of philology, of exegesis, of the phenomenology of religion, of the psychoanalysis of language. The same epoch holds in reserve both the possibility of emptying language by radically formalizing it and the possibility of filling it anew by reminding itself of the fullest meanings…. Beyond the desert of criticism, we wish to be called again.

Ricoeur, P. The Symbolism of Evil. 1st ed. New York: Harper & Row, 1967.  p. 380

Where should you get started? There are a whole host of recommendations I would love to offer (perhaps people can post their recommendations in the comments), but Justin Taylor recently recommended Gilead, which I picked up today at our local library.

Here are some of the books mentioned in this post.

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