John Piper reminds us fiction junkies that it’s OK to read stories, even children’s stories. Quoting C. S. Lewis:

I was therefore writing “for children” only in the sense that I excluded what I thought they would not like or understand; not in the sense of writing what I intended to be below adult attention. I may of course have been deceived, but the principle at least saves one from being patronizing. I never wrote down to anyone; and whether the opinion condemns or acquits my own work, it certainly is my opinion that a book worth reading only in childhood is not worth reading even then.

And here is one from Douglas Wilson:

In C. S. Lewis’s The Voyage of the Dawn Treader, we are given a good example of a boy who has been brought up poorly. Eustace Scrubb had stumbled into a dragon’s lair, but he did not know what kind of place it was. “Most of us know what we should expect to find in a dragon’s lair, but, as I said before, Eustace had read only the wrong books. They had a lot to say about exports and imports and governments and drains, but they were weak on dragons.”

It is a standing rebuke for us that there are many Christians who have an open sympathy for the ‘true’ books which Eustace read–full of true facts about governments and drains and exports–and who are suspicious of great works of imagination, like the Narnia stories, or The Lord of the Rings, or Treasure Island, because they are ‘fictional,’ and therefore suspected of lying. The Bible requires us to be truthful above all things, they tell us, and so we should not tell our sons about dragon-fighting. Our sons need to be strong on drains and weak on dragons. The irony here is that the Bible, the source of all truth, says a lot about dragons and giants, and very little about drains and exports….

The Bible cannot be read rightly without creating a deep impulse to tell stories which carry the scriptural truth about the kind of war we are in down through the ages.

Wilson, Douglas. Future Men, 2001, 101.

Of course we must have balanced diets (though note that fiction has been excluded in the list below):

This is really dangerous, and the way to counteract it is to prescribe balanced reading for yourself. What I mean is this. Read theology, as I say, but always balance it, not only with Church history but with biographies and the more devotional type of reading. Let me explain why this is so important. Your are preparing yourself, remember, and the danger for the intellectual type of man, if he is only reading theology or philosophy, is to become puffed up. He persuades himself that he has a perfect system; there is no problem, there is no difficulty.

Lloyd-Jones, D. Martyn. Preaching & Preachers. Zondervan, 1972.  p. 178

And finally, on a more technical level, and with application to Biblical Hermeneutics, Paul Ricoeur:

It is in the age when our language has become more precise, more univocal, more technical, in a word, more suited to those integral formalizations which are called precisely symbolic logic, it is in this very age of discourse that we want to recharge our language, that we want to start again from the fullness of language. That also is a gift of our ‘modernity,’ for we moderns are the heirs of philology, of exegesis, of the phenomenology of religion, of the psychoanalysis of language. The same epoch holds in reserve both the possibility of emptying language by radically formalizing it and the possibility of filling it anew by reminding itself of the fullest meanings…. Beyond the desert of criticism, we wish to be called again.

Ricoeur, P. The Symbolism of Evil. 1st ed. New York: Harper & Row, 1967.  p. 380

Where should you get started? There are a whole host of recommendations I would love to offer (perhaps people can post their recommendations in the comments), but Justin Taylor recently recommended Gilead, which I picked up today at our local library.

Here are some of the books mentioned in this post.

 

There are a variety of method of diagramming available to the student of the Bible, but very few tools to actually assist in creating such diagrams. Well BibleArc does just thought, providing scholars and preachers alike with an easy way to begin constructing their own diagrams. You can view my hastily created diagram to the left to get a taste.

The website includes instructions, a brief description of what all the symbols mean, and a plethora of videos and tutorials. You can diagram in a variety of English translations, or in Greek (complete with parsings). Improvements to the user interface (which is still a little cumbersome), as well as a repository of user-created diagrams, are apparently on the way. You can save diagrams to their site (with a user name and password), or export them as PDF documents.

Read more here

If you’re interest in the theory behind thought-flow diagrams, or with other types of diagrams (each with their own advantages and disadvantages), Cotterell’s Linguistics and Biblical Interpretation is an excellent starter resource.

 

Listen to the hour-long interview of Pete Enns, author of Inspiration and Incarnation, on NPR’s “Radio Times with Marty Moss-Coane” here.

 

Here is an interesting post by John Walton about children’s Bible curricula.

If we are negligent of sound hermeneutics when we teach Bible to children, should it be any wonder that when they get into youth groups, Bible studies and become adults in the church, that they do not know how to derive the authoritative teaching from the text?

He identifies 5 common and easily avoidable mistakes. The fifth I found particularly convicting:

Focus on people rather than God: The Bible is God’s revelation of himself and its message and teaching is largely based on what it tells us about God. This is particularly true of narrative (stories). While we are drawn to observe the people in the stories, we cannot forget that the stories are intended to teach us about God more than about people. If in the end, the final point is “We should/shouldn’t be like X (= some biblical character)” there is probably a problem unless the “X” is Jesus or God. Better is “we can learn through X’s story that God . . .”

Read the whole thing at Zondervan’s recently launched koinonia blog.

 

Lee Irons has a nice post about 1 Cor. 15. Here are a couple of highlights.

What is the gospel?” Paul answers the question by pointing to the central reality of substitutionary atonement (”that Christ died for our sins”), as well as his burial and resurrection on the third day, confirming that his sacrifice of atonement had been accepted. The prepositional phrase in the death-formula, ”for our sins” (ὑπὲρ τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν), is critical, because it identifies the death of Christ as a penal substitution. That is, he died the death that we deserved for our sins.

This is also relevant for us in helping us to decide what our relationship ought to be with broader evangelicalism, and indeed with all professing Christians. They may be confused about many matters. They may have a low view of the church and the sacraments. They may be too quick to reject the traditions and creeds of the church. They may hold to something less than a purely monergistic soteriology. They may think baptism must be preceded by a profession of faith. But if they have received, stand firm in, and preach this gospel, then they are to be received as brothers in Christ and to be encouraged to continue in the gospel, even as we also discuss other matters with them (just as Paul does in his letters to the Corinthians).

Read the whole post.

 

My work in Hebrews (and the General epistles) has lead to frequent side-tracks into the nature and necessity of perseverance in the Christian life. Here are a couple of quotes from an excellent article by Thomas Schreiner.

No genuine believer will ever apostatize. Nonetheless, the warning passages in the Scriptures are addressed to believers, and they are threatened with eternal destruction (not loss of rewards) if they commit apostasy.

We must pay heed to the warnings in order to be saved on the day of the Lord.

The label “Poison!” on a bottle seizes our attention and awakens us to the peril which awaits us if we swallow its contents. Thereby we take special care when handling such a container and do not put it in the same cupboard with soft drinks. The warnings in the scriptures are also intended to arouse us from lethargy and propel us onward in the pathway of faith. They provoke a healthy fear (Heb 4:1!), so that we are not casual and relaxed about entering the heavenly rest. Of course, this fear is not the same thing as the paralyzing fear which suppresses all activity (1 Jn 4:18). It is the same kind of fear which causes us to put on our seat belts when we drive and which causes us to place railings where a fall would be deadly. Fear in these instances does not paralyze us but actually contributes to our confidence when driving or climbing. Similarly, hearing and obeying the warnings in scriptures does not sap us of confidence and assurance. It is the pathway for full assurance in the faith.

Some protest that this is works righteousness, but such an objection fails to see that such perseverance is the fruit of faith and grounded in God’s sustaining and electing grace. Yes, works are necessary to be saved. No, this is not works righteousness, for the works are hardly meritorious. The grace of God is so powerful that it not only grants us salvation apart from our merits, but also transforms us. Christians are not only declared righteous but also experience observable and significant change in their lives.

Read the whole article here..

Several of Schreiner’s books are currently on sale at the Westminster Book Store.

 

The New York Times recently ran this article about a pre-Christian tablet that speaks of a Messiah to be raised after three days. The article is interesting to me in that it points to the mixed response that evangelicals have to these sorts of things. On the one hand, it can be used to show that Christian interpretations of the OT are not so far fetched after all, despite some claims to the contrary. On the other, some have argued that it calls into question the “uniqueness” of Christian beliefs.

 

Despite more recent developments to the contrary, drinking and enjoying wine is still regarded as somewhat taboo in evangelical circles. In the course of preparing an article for the upcoming Baker Bible Dictionary I have found this attitude to be increasingly suprising, given the biblical evidence to the contrary. Even if we exclude all the technical details, such as the impossibility of maintaining large amounts of grape juice without refrigerators, it is interesting that the abundance of wine is a pretty prominent symbol of God’s blessing upon his covenant people.

Here is a small sample of verses to that effect:

Genesis 27:28 May God give you of heaven’s dew and of earth’s richness– an abundance of grain and new wine.

Isaiah 25:6 On this mountain the LORD Almighty will prepare a feast of rich food for all peoples, a banquet of aged wine– the best of meats and the finest of wines.

Isaiah 55:1 “Come, all you who are thirsty, come to the waters; and you who have no money, come, buy and eat! Come, buy wine and milk without money and without cost.

Amos 9:13 “The days are coming,” declares the LORD, “when the reaper will be overtaken by the plowman and the planter by the one treading grapes. New wine will drip from the mountains and flow from all the hills.

1 Corinthians 11:25 In the same way, after supper he took the cup, saying, “This cup is the new covenant in my blood; do this, whenever you drink it, in remembrance of me.”

Correspondingly, when God wants someone to know that they are under his curse, he denies them wine (Hos 2:8, 21-22; 9:2; Joel 1:10).

Of course there are two sides to this coin; the abuse of wine is a persistent symbol of God’s curse. This is also an interesting pattern in Scripture: when someone falls into persistent sin, God’s response of judgment is somewhat paradoxical. Rather than deny them their heart’s desire, he gives it to them in great abundance.

Isaiah 63:6 I trampled the nations in my anger; in my wrath I made them drunk and poured their blood on the ground.”

Jeremiah 25:15 This is what the LORD, the God of Israel, said to me: “Take from my hand this cup filled with the wine of my wrath and make all the nations to whom I send you drink it.

Jeremiah 51:7 Babylon was a gold cup in the LORD’s hand; she made the whole earth drunk. The nations drank her wine; therefore they have now gone mad.

So was it blessing or curse that Jesus received when he drank wine on the cross (Matt 27:34ff)? The ambiguity is informative, for Jesus on the one hand foresees in Gethsemane that he will have to drink a cup of judgment (Luke 22:42)–and perhaps this drink symbolizes that cup (and, of course, Elijah does not come to Jesus’ rescue). On the other hand, it is by receiving this cup that Jesus receives the great Joy of covenant blessing (Heb 12:2), and it is in that rich inheritance that we receive the blessings of the covenant.

All this to say, wine should be enjoyed with thanksgiving! Why? Not just because it “delights the hearts” of men and women (Ps 104:15), but more importantly because it is one of many symbols that God uses to remind us of the abundance of blessing he has provided in Jesus Christ. To put it another way: Christians actually have more reason to enjoy wine than non-Christians!

On a lighter note: readers interested in a more practical exploration of theology might (somewhat ironically) find Seven Deadly Zins to be an affordable start.

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